https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.25029 · 
Видання: JAMA, 2023, №5, с.376
Видавець: American Medical Association (AMA)
Автори:
- Raj K. Maturi
- Adam R. Glassman
- Kristin Josic
- Carl W. Baker
- Adam T. Gerstenblith
- Lee M. Jampol
- Annal Meleth
- Daniel F. Martin
- Michele Melia
- Omar S. Punjabi
- Soraya Rofagha
- Hani Salehi-Had
- Cynthia R. Stockdale
- Jennifer K. Sun
- David Browning
- John Bradley Allen
- Andrew N. Antoszyk
- Amanda H. Wilson
- Brittany A Murphy
- Christina J. Fleming
- Courtney Mahr
- Angela K. Price
- Justin Clark
- Sarah A. Ennis
- Sherry L. Fredenberg
- Taylor S. Jones
- Monica D. Nayar
- Kayla A Bratcher
- Kaitlin T. McShea
- Erica Breglio
- Christina Mutch
- Angella K. Gentile
- Carol A Shore
- Donna McClain
- Loraine M. Clark
- Lisa A. Jackson
- Lynn Watson
- Michael D. McOwen
- Tracy A. Ross
- Uma M. Balasubramaniam
- Shannon Stobbe
- Yvonne Ramirez
- Sara Ahmed
- Stephanie Ramirez
- Undariya Boldbaatar
- Valeria Quintero
- Evelyn Ceja
- Scott F. Lee
- Jesus Cortes
- Katie Tran
- Mary Ma
- Mailan Tran
- Nikki Nguyen
- Lily Castillo
- Janet Reyes
- Karen Gasperian
- Robert E. Parnes
- April L. Stockman
- Jennifer Shirey
- Kylie Stambaugh
- Lora Glaspell
- Leslie Toomey
- Angie Goldizen
- Charles C. Wykoff
- David M. Brown
- Amy C. Schefler
- Ankoor R. Shah
- Eric Chen
- James C. Major
- Matthew S. Benz
- Richard H. Fish
- Rosa Y. Kim
- Tien P. Wong
- Jose Munoz
- Maura A Estes
- Ilsa Ortega
- Diana Rodriguez
- Daniel Park
- Amy Hutson
- Garret L Twining
- Mireya Serpas
- Sadia Y Karani
- Stacy M. Supapo
- Tyneisha McCoy
- Danee Foerster
- Calley N. Smith
- Belinda A. Almanza
- Miguel Oviedo
- Melina Vela
- Nina A. Webb
- Rebecca Yee
- Veronica A. Sneed
- Heather Koger-Grifaldo
- Elizabeth Quellar
- Lisa M Wolff
- Lindsay Burt
- Luis R. Salinas
- Miranda F James
- Devendra Sharma
- Eric N. Kegley
- Beau A Richter
- Cary A. Stoever
- David Garcia
- Dante J. Pieramici
- Alessandro A. Castellarin
- Dilsher Dhoot
- Daniel L. Learned
- Nathan Steinle
- Carmen Carbajal
- Gina Hong
- Jack Giust
- John McDermott
- Jamison C Ray
- Kevin Card
- Kate M McKee
- Libby Dahlberg
- Marco A Munoz
- Nancy Castillo
- Laura Budvytyte
- Jerry Smith
- Kelly Avery
- Krisianne Aromin
- Aimee H. Shook
- Olivia S. Council
- Susan Spaeth
- Dennis M. Marcus
- Harinderjit Singh
- Daisy J McCarty
- Elizabeth W Simons
- Geri K Whitaker
- Amina Farooq
- Siobhan O. Ortiz
- Thomas Bailey
- Lindsay Allison Foster
- Michele Woodward
- Ken Ivey
- Jesse J. Jung
- Eugene Stephen Lit
- Heidi A. Winje
- Maria Zamora
- Renjini Balakrishnan
- Jihyun Kim
- Joshua R Machacon
- Mae Kwan
- Helen Ricks
- Caroline Frambach
- Denise Joy Bustamante
- Anne Grace Dizon
- Afsoon Jamali
- Maria Miranda
- David A. Lightman
- Stephen J Saxe
- Lorraine White
- Ashley M. Harless
- Myra K Retrum
- Erin Brown
- Carolee K. Novak
- Holly Fiscus
- Stephanie J. Morrow
- Charlotte Harris
- Thomas Steele
- Yesenia Sarmiento
- Ron H. Tilford
- Jil D Baker
- Tracey M. Caldwell
- Margaret J. Orr
- Mary J. Sharp
- Kylie S. Sedberry
- Sonya L Alcaraz
- Samantha Kettler
- Alecia B. Camp
- Brian B. Berger
- Chirag D. Jhaveri
- Saradha Chexal
- Gowtham Jonna
- Daniela Mariel Wilson
- Daniela Vega Pereira
- Tina A Seidu
- Ivana Gunderson
- Ryan M. Reid
- Abla M Harara
- Valerie Gatavaski
- Yong Ren
- Christopher C. Stovall
- Boris Corak
- Robert W. Wong
- Peter A. Nixon
- Jose A. Martinez
- Phillip V. Le
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- Chris A. Montesclaros
- Corinne C Vargas
- Gopal Karsaliya
- Cory Mangham
- Lloyd Paul Aiello
- George S. Sharuk
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- Paul G. Arrigg
- Paolo S. Silva
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- Margaret E. Stockman
- Tanya Olesker
- Jae W Rhee
- Jerry D. Cavallerano
- Leila Bestourous
- Michael N. Krigman
- Mina Sehizadeh
- Shireen Glynn
- Steve L. Papaconstantinou
- Robert W. Cavicchi
- William Carli
- Konstantina Sampani
- Elizabeth S. Weimann
- Joseph M. Googe
- Nicholas G. Anderson
- R. Keith Shuler
- Kristina Oliver
- Steve Morris
- Julie Asher
- Justin Walsh
- Vicky L. Seitz
- Jeff Wheeler
- Summer McCoy
- Katie Milstead
- Raul E. Lince
- Sarah M. Oelrich
- Caitlin Gilbreath
- Hodge A. Griffone
- Lakshmana Murthy Kooragayala
- Meuzette White-Walker
- Minuette S Jackson
- Shakirah J Sewell
- Chenavia Lewis
- Chigozie Nkemka
- Samantha Sircar
- Kenneth Thompson
- Adam Goff
- David Isaiah Sierpina
- Kakarla V. Chalam
- Michael E. Rauser
- Samuel C. Kim
- Tina L Ramirez
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- Raquel Hernandez
- Rebecca K Pereyra
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- Jacqueline V Midgett
- Jayson S Paw
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- Rene G. Obispo
- Adel E Alset
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- Devjani Dutta
- Gloria Leung
- Jennifer Wong
- Michael Henry Brent
- Efrem D. Mandelcorn
- Swetha Murari
- Michelle Moon
- Olivera Sutakovic
- Lina Chen
- Lindsay Hampton-Hampejskova
- Bilgin Turhal
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- Ian Brown
- Isaac A Kotei
- Susan Bolychuk
- Gisela Velez
- Javon N Coleman
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- Maa Ahema Parry
- Oksana Mykhaylyk
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- Nicholas Chang
- Nicholas R Mastrodomenico
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- Thomas Taylor
- Shayina M Calixto
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- Joseph A. Myers
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- Cheryl Devine
- Sara Freeman
- Shabari S. Seetharam
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- Lindsey Butler
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- Juan Tonche
- Richard I. Breazeale
- Francis C. DeCroos
- Rohan J. Shah
- Devon Ghodasra
- Steve W. McBee
- Jacob Clements
- Kate Menefee
- Brianna J Lewis
- Courtney Duncan
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- Roger P. Melendrez
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- Mari Delgado
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- Patricia Lynch
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- Ashley E Willer
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- Elizabeth N. Heim
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- Moises A. Chica
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- Jenny M Bermea
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- Ashley Studebaker
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- Kyle J. Alliman
- Tami Jo Woehl
- Marianne Parker
- Erin L Riley
- Jack Bowers
- Paula L Bix
- Jamie Spillman
- Spencer D Ridgway
- Lisa M. Boender
- Roy W. Beck
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- Wesley T. Beaulieu
- Claire T. Calhoun
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- Isabella Correia
- Brian B. Dale
- Simone S. Dupre
- Crystal A. Franklin
- Sandra Galusic
- Meagan Huggins
- Brenda L. Hunter
- Paula A. Johnson
- Brittany Kelly
- Maureen G. Maguire
- Britney Meadows
- Alice Zokruah
- Danni Liu
- Carin M. Preston
- Sangeeta Bhargava
- Andrew J. Barkmeier
- Darrell Baskin
- Barbra Blodi
- Emily Chew
- Frederick L. Ferris
- Glenn J. Jaffe
- Neil M. Bressler
- Brandon Lujan
- Judy E. Kim
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- Kyle Rudser
- Paul Sternberg
- Ruth Weinstock
- Stephen Wisniewski
- DRCR Retina Network
Анотація
<jats:sec>ImportanceAnti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections in eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) without center-involved diabetic macular edema (CI-DME) reduce development of vision-threatening complications from diabetes over at least 2 years, but whether this treatment has a longer-term benefit on visual acuity is unknown.</jats:sec><jats:sec>ObjectiveTo compare the primary 4-year outcomes of visual acuity and rates of vision-threatening complications in eyes with moderate to severe NPDR treated with intravitreal aflibercept compared with sham. The primary 2-year analysis of this study has been reported.</jats:sec><jats:sec>Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRandomized clinical trial conducted at 64 clinical sites in the US and Canada from January 2016 to March 2018, enrolling 328 adults (399 eyes) with moderate to severe NPDR (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ETDRS] severity level 43-53) without CI-DME.</jats:sec><jats:sec>InterventionsEyes were randomly assigned to 2.0 mg aflibercept (n = 200) or sham (n = 199). Eight injections were administered at defined intervals through 2 years, continuing quarterly through 4 years unless the eye improved to mild NPDR or better. Aflibercept was given in both groups to treat development of high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) or CI-DME with vision loss.</jats:sec><jats:sec>Main Outcomes and MeasuresDevelopment of PDR or CI-DME with vision loss (≥10 letters at 1 visit or ≥5 letters at 2 consecutive visits) and change in visual acuity (best corrected ETDRS letter score) from baseline to 4 years.</jats:sec><jats:sec>ResultsAmong participants (mean age 56 years; 42.4% female; 5% Asian, 15% Black, 32% Hispanic, 45% White), the 4-year cumulative probability of developing PDR or CI-DME with vision loss was 33.9% with aflibercept vs 56.9% with sham (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.40 [97.5% CI, 0.28 to 0.57]; P &amp;lt; .001). The mean (SD) change in visual acuity from baseline to 4 years was −2.7 (6.5) letters with aflibercept and −2.4 (5.8) letters with sham (adjusted mean difference, −0.5 letters [97.5% CI, −2.3 to 1.3]; P = .52). Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration cardiovascular/cerebrovascular event rates were 9.9% (7 of 71) in bilateral participants, 10.9% (14 of 129) in unilateral aflibercept participants, and 7.8% (10 of 128) in unilateral sham participants.</jats:sec><jats:sec>Conclusions and RelevanceAmong patients with NPDR but without CI-DME, at 4 years treatment with aflibercept vs sham, initiating aflibercept treatment only if vision-threatening complications developed, resulted in statistically significant anatomic improvement but no improvement in visual acuity. Aflibercept as a preventive strategy, as used in this trial, may not be generally warranted for patients with NPDR without CI-DME.</jats:sec><jats:sec>Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&amp;amp;term=02634333&amp;amp;cntry=&amp;amp;state=&amp;amp;city=&amp;amp;dist=">NCT02634333</jats:ext-link></jats:sec>
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